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. G. L. MORRISON FIRE PLACE.

Patented Apr.17,1883.

n. PETERS. Photo-Lithographer. WashingonD.C

NITED STATES ATENT FFICEQ GARDNER L. MORRISON, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR TO \VILLIAM H. JA OKSON,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FIRE-PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,933, dated April 17,1883.

Application filed January 2,1883.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GARDNER L. MORRISON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Fire-Places and Open Grates; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the to art to which it appertains to construct the same.

My invention relates to certain improvementsin that class of iron fire-places and grates which are provided with air chambers and 1 conduits for heating air drawn through them and around the grate or fire-pot and discharged into aroom to be warmed thereby; and my invention consists in the manner of constructing and uniting the said air chambers and conduits, and their combination when united with 'the plates of the fire-place, as herein more fully/set forth; and the objects of my invention are, first, to provide an effective means of securing the joints of the air conduits and 2 5 chambers with greater facility and economy, to prevent smoke and dust from entering them to commingle and be discharged with the warmed air into the apartment to be warmed; second, to afford facilities to remove such con- 0 duits or chambers as may have become useless by impairment from having been exposed to the disintegrating effect of the heat, and to substitute a new conduit or chamber from time to time without the aid of mechanical skill.

The Well-known application of the principle distinguishing this class of air-warmingapparatus is well described in the patent granted to Charles Neer, May 31, 1853. In that improvement in fire-places the air to be warmed 40 was drawn through a chamber at the back of the grate, conducted to a central air-chamber directly above the grate or fire-pot, and thence to the room to be warmed. Numerous improvements have since been invented and pat- 5 ented involving various substantial modifications of the structure to accomplish the same object but in every instance the principal airchamber or the series of conduits above the fire-pot through which the air passed to be warmed consisted either of a single casting (No model.)

or element of the fire-place; or, when made of several parts, one of these parts could not be removed and a new part substituted without the aid of a skilled workman and undue expense.

My invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, upon which letters of reference are marked.

Figure l is a frontelevation of the fire-place and grate, a portion of the casing being omit- 6c. ted. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the removable air-heating conduits, and exhibits the intervening fines for the passage of smoke and products of combustion which ascend from 6 the grate. Said figure represents an independent seperable part of the apparatus. Fig. 4 represents a transverse section taken at line 00 m of Fig. 3, a part being omitted.

My fire-place is of the ordinary form, with a vertical back plate, M, side plates, M, and grate E. The upper front corners of side plates, M, form acute angles above the horizontal upper edge of the back plate, M, with which they connect. These three plates M M .M are secured to flanges a, projecting at the upper edge of the ash-box b. Casings N N are arranged at the sides and back of the tire-place to leave a space, E B, between them and the plates M M for the passage of air, whichmay be admitted through opening G in the lower hearth plate, D, which serves as a base for the casings N N. Between hearthplate D and the bottom of ash-box b there is an airconduit, D, at the front of which an air-ingress opening may be provided. The casings NN extend above the fire-place M M, and form a combustionchamber covered by a removable plate, 0, having a smoke-exit, H, provided with damper 1?. At the upper edge 0 of plate M an angular ledge, d, is cast, extending horizontally as a support to receive a cone spondingly-shaped flange,f, cast upon plate S.

A similar angular flange, 1 secured to casingN, serves as a seat and support for the flange s on 9 5 plate S. Ateach end of the series of conduits and flues represented in Fig. 3 a plate, I, is secured which covers the respective air-spaces B, and these plates I will be supported upon the inclined upper edges of plates M and be joined IOO thereto by flanges and ledges d f, to form a close connection at the upper part of the fireplace, as at P. The front plate, R,which supports the front ends of air-conduit A, is V- shaped in transverse section, and is supported by the upper inclined edges of plates M M by means of flanged plates f d, as above described. Each of the plates R S is cast-with openings A, corresponding with the shape of conduits A, and is provided with rectangular ledges or seats for the same, around which openings flanges 1 2 3 4are cast to receive the ends of conduits A, and these flanges are slightly beveled upon their inner surfaces, as represented in Figs. 2 and 4. The conduits A are preferably of wrought metal and about one thirty-second of an inch larger in cross-section than the spaces between the flangesl 2 3 4 at the line of their junction with plates R S, upon which they are cast. When the conduits A are placed with their ends within the beveled flanges 1 2 3 4 the bolts on and nutso serve to draw plates R S toward each other, causing the corners of the conduits toimpinge against the beveled flanges as they are being forced to their seats, and thereby the joints are made air-tight-without the expense of skilled labor in fittingthem. Suitable casings, J, are secured at the front of the fire-place to inclose the airchamber B, and an ornamental open grating, K, through which the heated air is admitted to the room, covers the front of plate R, above the tire-place, as shown in part in Fig. 1. The air to be warmed is admitted at G or at the front of hearth D, and passes up through chambers B B at the sides and back of the grate in contact with plates M M, thence through conduits A, directly above the grate, and is warmed and discharged through open grate K. As there are no intervening partitions, distributing-oriflees, nor indirect flues, to retard the draft, the

air in the apartment in which the lire-place is located is kept in constant revolution by being constantly drawn around the grate of burning fuel and through the heated conduits A, between which, through passages F F, the ascending flame and smoke pass to the reverberatory combustion-chamber L, and thence to the flue H, and achimney with which the smokeflue H will communicate.

The plates M M and casings N N being first fastened upon the hearth-plate and ash-box,

and the structure represented in Fig. 3 being secured as an independent element by means of the bolts and nuts m 0, the latter is mounted upon the ledges of the former, making aclosefitting joint between them by its own gravity and requiring no fastening whatever. The top plate, (3, of the combustion-chamber L is then put in position,and thejoints between it and the'casings N N and plate R may be beveled, so as to form close-fittingjoints.

This improved fire-place may be either set into a chimney-breast or in front of the same.

From the foregoing description it is apparent that the apparatus can be cheaply constructed and repaired, and those parts most liable to injuries from exposure to high degree of heat may be removed and their places resupplied with greatest facility and at small cost, and close-fittingjoints be secured without the aid of a skilled mechanic.

Having described, myinvention,I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent the improvement in fire-places and grates, namely- 1. The removable conduits A, having smokeflues between them, in com bination with plates It S, provided with beveled flanges 1 2 3 4, united and secured to constitute a detachable partof the air-heating apparatus, substantially as described.

2. The series of conduits A and plates R S, provided with flangesfs, in combination with the fire-place plates, and air-chamber casings provided with ledges to receive said flanges, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

fitness my hand this 20th day of December, A. D. 1882. GARDNER L. MORRISON.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR B. IZOD, JOHN VYsE. 

